從“偷襲”言論到護航施壓，高市早苗不斷陷入尷尬

據新華社報道，美國總統特朗普19日在白宮會晤到訪的日本首相高市早苗。在共同會見記者時，特朗普為美國對伊朗發起大規模軍事行動辯解。特朗普甚至將此次襲擊與二戰期間日本偷襲珍珠港相提并論，還稱日本最懂“偷襲”，現場一度陷入尷尬。

據《朝日新聞》報道，會談結束后，高市早苗在接受記者采訪時，被問及特朗普是否曾要求日本向霍爾木茲海峽派遣艦船。她回應稱：“在日本法律框架內，有能做的事情，也有不能做的事情，因此我們已作出詳細且明確的說明。”但對于美方是否提出相關請求，她未作正面回應。

其實，在高市早苗啟程訪美前夕，她所面對的情況就很“尷尬”：美國總統特朗普拋出一道棘手難題，點名包括日本在內的五個國家，呼吁派遣軍艦為霍爾木茲海峽船只提供“護航”。

日本國內輿論擔憂，美方要求讓高市政府陷入窘境。他們認為，日本不應簡單追隨美國政策，而應在國際法框架下重新審視與美國的同盟關系，這也凸顯出日本同盟義務與其憲法所確立的和平主義原則之間長期存在的張力。

The issue has placed Japan in a dilemma, with politicians and academics questioning whether Tokyo should support Washington.

They argue that Japan should not simply follow US policy but instead assess its alliance with Washington within the framework of international law — reflecting the long-standing tension between Japan's alliance obligations and the pacifist principles embedded in its constitution.

針對美國要求日本派遣海軍艦艇為通過霍爾木茲海峽的船只護航，日本國內反對聲音正不斷升溫。

Opposition is growing in Japan to a United States request for Tokyo to dispatch naval vessels to escort ships through the Strait of Hormuz.

3月19日，美國總統特朗普在白宮會晤到訪的日本首相高市早苗。圖源：外媒

據《日本經濟新聞》報道，高市早苗在周三參議院預算委員會會議上表示，日本目前沒有向霍爾木茲海峽派遣自衛隊艦艇的計劃。

自2月下旬美國與以色列對伊朗發動空襲以來，高市早苗一直回避直接評價美方軍事行動的合法性，同時對伊朗襲擊海灣國家民用設施的行為予以批評。

Speaking at a session of the House of Councillors Budget Committee on Wednesday, Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi said Japan currently has no plans to dispatch Self-Defense Force vessels to the Strait of Hormuz, according to the Nikkei.

Since the US and Israel launched airstrikes on Iran in late February, Takaichi has avoided commenting directly on the legality of the US military operation, while criticizing Iran for its attacks on civilian facilities in Gulf countries.

周日，日本前首相石破茂在富士電視臺的節目中表示，問題的關鍵在于美國對伊朗的打擊是否符合國際法。他指出，在這一問題未確認之前，日本難以判斷自身可以采取哪些合法行動。

Former prime minister Shigeru Ishiba said on a Fuji Television program on Sunday that the central question is whether the US strikes on Iran comply with international law. Without resolving that issue, he said, it would be difficult to determine what actions Japan could legitimately take.

山口大學教授纐纈厚在接受《中國日報》采訪時表示，美國和以色列對伊朗的打擊明顯違反了國際法和《聯合國憲章》。

纐纈厚指出，對于一個自稱“和平國家”的日本而言，這種沉默令人遺憾。他呼吁日本領導人堅持長期以來維護國際法和國際秩序的外交立場，并警告稱，若完全追隨美國立場，可能削弱日本作為和平國家的國際形象。

Atsushi Koketsu, a professor at Yamaguchi University, told China Daily that the US and Israeli strikes on Iran clearly violated international law and the United Nations Charter.

Koketsu said Japan's silence is regrettable for a country that describes itself as a peaceful nation and urged its leaders to maintain the country's long-standing diplomatic stance of upholding international law and international order. Fully aligning with US positions could undermine Japan's image as a peaceful nation, he warned.

霍爾木茲海峽 資料圖 圖源：視覺中國

日本媒體指出，如果考慮向霍爾木茲海峽派遣自衛隊艦艇，東京將面臨嚴峻的法律困境。

Japanese media reports indicated that Tokyo faces a significant legal dilemma if it considers sending Self-Defense Forces vessels to the Strait of Hormuz.

據《日經亞洲》報道，此類決定將取決于兩個關鍵因素：其一，美國對伊朗的軍事行動是否符合國際法；其二，該局勢是否構成日本安保法所界定的“存立危機事態”。

《東京新聞》周三發表社論指出，美以對伊朗的打擊違反國際法，并強調日本不應卷入軍事沖突，也不應屈從于相關要求。

According to Nikkei Asia, any such move would hinge on two factors: whether the US military action against Iran complies with international law, and whether the situation qualifies as a "situation threatening Japan's survival" under its security legislation.

An editorial published by the Tokyo Shimbun on Wednesday said that the US and Israeli strikes on Iran violated international law, adding that Japan should not become involved in the military conflict or yield to such demands.

除法律與同盟因素外，能源安全正成為日本更為緊迫的現實關切。纐纈厚指出，中東仍是日本至關重要的能源來源，日本長期通過外交手段與該地區國家保持相對穩定的關系。他警告稱，若日本過度追隨美國政策或參與軍事行動，可能損害與伊朗及其他地區國家的關系，從而削弱其長期能源安全。

Beyond legal and alliance considerations, energy security has emerged as a more immediate concern for Japan. Koketsu said the Middle East remains a crucial energy source for Japan and that Tokyo has long maintained relatively stable relations with countries in the region through diplomacy. If Japan were to follow US policy too closely or take part in military operations, it could damage relations with Iran and other regional countries, ultimately undermining Japan's long-term energy security, he warned.

鑒于日本既是美國的盟友，又與伊朗長期保持友好關系，纐纈厚認為，日本原本可以在兩國之間發揮調解作用。然而，政府在推動此類外交努力方面意愿有限。

他表示：“如果日本只是簡單追隨美國政策，將難以在國際社會贏得信任與尊重。”

Given Japan's alliance with the US and its long-standing friendly relations with Iran, Koketsu said Japan could have played a mediating role between the two countries. However, the government has shown little willingness to pursue such diplomatic efforts.

"If Japan simply follows US policy, it will find it difficult to gain trust and respect in the international community," he said.

根據《朝日新聞》周日公布的一項民調，82%的受訪者表示不支持美國對伊朗的打擊，僅有9%表示支持。

According to a poll released by the Asahi Shimbun on Sunday, 82 percent of respondents said they did not support the US strikes on Iran, while only 9 percent expressed support.

中國日報駐東京記者：侯俊杰

跟著China Daily

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